Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it can progress slowly and without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss has already occurred. Understanding the stages of glaucoma can help patients recognize why early detection and routine medical eye exams are essential for protecting long-term vision.
 

What Is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, which is responsible for sending visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage is commonly associated with elevated eye pressure, though glaucoma can also occur with normal eye pressure. Without treatment, glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss and blindness.
 

The Early Stage: No Symptoms, Subtle Changes

In its earliest stage, glaucoma typically causes no pain or obvious vision problems. Peripheral vision may begin to decrease, but these changes are so gradual that most people don’t notice them.

This is why routine medical eye exams are critical. Advanced testing during an eye exam can detect early optic nerve changes and pressure irregularities long before vision is affected. Catching glaucoma at this stage offers the best chance to slow or stop its progression.
 

The Moderate Stage: Noticeable Vision Loss Begins

As glaucoma progresses, damage to the optic nerve becomes more pronounced. Patients may start to experience:

• Reduced peripheral vision
• Difficulty seeing objects off to the side
• Trouble navigating in low-light conditions

At this stage, vision loss is permanent, but timely treatment can help prevent further damage. Regular monitoring and consistent treatment are key to preserving remaining vision.
 

The Advanced Stage: Severe Vision Impairment

In advanced glaucoma, significant portions of peripheral vision are lost, often leaving only tunnel vision. Everyday tasks such as driving, reading, or walking safely can become difficult.

Treatment at this stage focuses on preventing total vision loss, but the options may be more limited. This highlights the importance of detecting glaucoma before it reaches this advanced phase.
 

The End Stage: Risk of Blindness

Without diagnosis or proper management, glaucoma can eventually lead to profound vision loss or complete blindness. At this stage, damage to the optic nerve is extensive and irreversible.

While this outcome is preventable for many patients, it often occurs when glaucoma goes undiagnosed due to a lack of regular eye exams.
 

Why Routine Medical Eye Exams Are Essential

Because glaucoma often develops without warning signs, routine medical eye exams are the most effective defense. These exams allow your eye doctor to evaluate eye pressure, assess the optic nerve, and monitor subtle changes over time. Early diagnosis can mean the difference between maintaining functional vision and permanent loss.
 

Don’t Let Glaucoma Go Undetected

Glaucoma progresses in stages, often silently, and vision loss from glaucoma cannot be reversed. However, with early detection and proper management, its progression can be slowed significantly. Understanding the stages of glaucoma reinforces why routine medical eye exams are not optional - they are essential for lifelong eye health.

Take a proactive step in protecting your eyesight by scheduling a glaucoma screening at Alamo Eye Care today. Contact our office in San Antonio or Austin, Texas, by calling (210) 403-9050 to book an appointment.